残余应力对焊接结构的力学性能具有重要影响，概述了超声冲击处理对焊接接头残余应力的影响。超声冲击处理可以降低焊趾部位的应力集中，降低或消除残余拉伸应力，甚至在焊缝及其附近区域形成残余压应力，从而提高焊接接头的疲劳性能及耐磨性等。指出在超声冲击改善焊接接头残余应力方面研究目前存在的问题，展望了今后该研究领域的发展动向。
The mechanical properties of welded structure are greatly affected by the welding residual stress. The effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on the residual stress of welded joint is summarized. The stress concentration of weld toe can be reduced,and the welding residual tensile stress can be eliminated or reduced by ultrasonic impact treatment,the compressive residual stress may also be produced in the weld and its nearby area. The fatigue performance and wear resistance of welded joint can be improved. In addition,the problems about the study on effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on residual stress of welded joint are pointed out,the development trend in this field is prospected.
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