木材经千百万年自然界的演化,形成了独特的生物学结构,多层次、纤维状胞管结构和各向异性是其主要特点.木材这种高气孔率材料有良好的刚性、强度和韧性,与其结构是密切相关的.以木材为模板,通过有机-无机转化,获得具有生物结构的陶瓷材料,为材料的结构设计提供了新思路.通过木材的陶瓷化可以制备出炭素材料、碳化物陶瓷、氧化物陶瓷、无机/有机复合材料和薄膜等.木材是可再生性资源,这种技术对结构的可调控性很好,材料性能独特,发展前景广阔.评述了该领域近年来的研究进展.
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