提出了一种用于制备高分散型W/Al2O3加氢脱硫催化剂的水热沉积法. 该方法利用钨酸钠和盐酸在水热条件下的沉积反应生成纳米WO3, 通过加入表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵可防止WO3颗粒的团聚,从而实现了WO3在Al2O3载体上的高分散负载. 采用X射线光电子能谱、高分辨率透射电镜、 N2物理吸附以及氢气程序升温还原等技术对W/Al2O3催化剂进行了表征,并以二苯并噻吩的加氢脱硫作为模型反应评价了催化剂的催化性能. 结果表明,与采用常规浸渍法制备的具有相同活性组分含量的催化剂相比,采用水热沉积法制备的催化剂具有更高的WO3分散度(表面W/Al原子比从0.051提高到0.061)、更大的比表面积和孔体积;活性组分与载体间的相互作用减弱, WO3的最高还原温度从 1 030 ℃降低到 1 015 ℃, 预硫化后催化剂上的活性物种WS2具有更短的片层长度和更高的堆积程度, WS2片层的平均长度从7.78 nm减小到5.71 nm, 平均堆积层数从1.23增加到1.41;催化剂对二苯并噻吩的加氢脱硫活性比浸渍法制备的催化剂高15%～18%.
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