以生物质原料如木质纤维、植物油等为起始原料,制得生物质基多元醇,进而得到生物质基聚氨酯,这种聚氨酯与植物纤维复合所得的材料具有良好的力学性能.在植物纤维增强树脂基复合材料中,亲水性的植物纤维与疏水性的树脂基体相容性较差,对植物纤维进行表面改性可改善其相容性.碱处理可除去纤维表面的杂质、半纤维素和木质素,使表面粗糙度增加,有利于纤维与基体之间形成机械互锁,增强界面结合.纤维形态和纤维含量对其在基体中的分散性、界面性质以及复合材料的力学性能都有影响.长纤维容易缠绕,产生应力集中;粒状纤维尺寸较小时,界面结合较好;纤维含量过高时在基体中的分散和浸润性变差.植物纤维的亲水性促进了复合材料的吸水,更易于生物降解.
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