超临界水氧化（SCWO）技术是近年发展起来的处理有 机难溶废物的安全高效的新技术.本文在阐述超临界水的物理、化学性质基础上，介绍了SC WO技术的工艺流程及实验系统设计，并对限制SCWO技术大规模产业化进程的关键技术问题及 世界范围内开展的SCWO环境化学动力学、材料腐蚀机理及监测技术等方面的研究动态进行了 分析，并对我国的SCWO技术研究未来发展方向提出了建议.
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a promising and very effective method for the destruction of both military and civilian haza rdous waste. By capitalizing on the properties of water above its critical point(374.3℃and 22.05 MPa for pure water), this technology provide s rapid and complete oxidation with high destruction efficiencies at typical ope rating temperatures. Flowsheets and processing equipment of SCWO are introduced basing on the understanding of physical and chemical characters of supercritical water. And the key engineering issues affecting the commercial development of S CWO technology including chemical reaction kinetics, corrosion of the structure materials and in-situ inspection techniques are analyzed. The intending emerging research topics in China are proposed also.
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