采用模压-滤取和高温真空熔渍工艺及纳微多尺度协同设计制备了自身发汗式多级孔活性炭纤维(ACF)/聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)/聚醚醚酮(PEEK)复合材料.考察了ACF、微米级造孔剂NaCl含量及载荷对其摩擦学性能的影响.结果表明,当介孔ACF总质量分数为8％、NaCl总质量分数为30％所得多级孔ACF/PTFE/PEEK复合材料摩擦系数和磨损率最低,载荷为200N时,摩擦系数、磨损率分别为0.0259、5.26×10-16m3/N·m,较经典炭纤维增强PEEK复合材料摩擦系数减少86％,耐磨性提高了16倍.研究表明,介孔ACF在材料内部形成了贯通型三维网络毛细管道,如同人体汗腺机制,使微米级孔中储存的润滑脂在载荷和温度的作用下能在摩擦面上形成较好的润滑油膜,并且ACF能起到部分骨架支撑作用,因而ACF在材料中起到很好的减摩耐磨作用.
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