针对铝合金 脉冲MIG焊过程，建立了熔池图像检测视觉系统，利用形态学方法去除了图像信号中的噪声、阴极雾化区等影响熔池特征提取的部分，获得了满意的熔池边缘图像，可以对熔池形状信息进行动态检测. 在此基础上，设计了阶跃响应实验，利用曲线拟合法对基值电流、送丝速度、脉冲电流占空比与熔宽的模型分别进行了辨识，分析了基值电流、送丝速度和脉冲电流占空比对熔宽的影响规律，为铝合金脉冲MIG焊过程控制提供了理论依据.
A vision sensing system for taking and processing the image of MIG welding pool of aluminum alloy has been setup in this paper. The morphological operator which can effectively wipe off noise and cathode pulverization' area in image was used to process the image of the aluminum alloy MIG welding pool. Based on the step response experiment, the welding pool width model of dynamic process in aluminum alloy pulsed MIG welding is identified by least square method. The input parameters of the model are welding wire speed, base current and pulse duty ratio, and the output is beam width of welding pool. The influence of wire speed, base current and pulse duty ratio on welding pool width is analyzed, which provides the theoretical basis to realize the intelligent control for aluminum alloy pulsed MIG welding process.
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