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The orientational dependence of deformation and recrystallization in an Ni-base single-crystal superalloy indented on the (100) and (110) planes was investigated. The surface topography and distribution of slip bands indicated that the deformation depended on the crystallographic orientation. The anisotropy of recrystallization grain growth was observed on the mid-section below the indentation. The size and shape of the recrystallization region showed good correspondence to that of the deformation zone. The orientational dependence of recrystallization was discussed based on the deformation mechanism. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.