以Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和KOH为原料,以乙二醇为溶剂,溶剂热制备了单分散Fe3O4纳米粉体.利用XRD和TEM对溶剂热合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体进行了物相和形貌表征,利用物理性质测量体系PPMS-9T对合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体的磁性能进行了测定.结果表明,低于220℃时溶剂热合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体颗粒较小,约10 nm,具有超顺磁性质；而250°C时溶剂热合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体颗粒粒径较大,约50 nm,具有典型的铁磁性能,其室温饱和磁化强度为68.8 emμ·g-1,剩余磁化率为12.9 emμ·g-1,矫顽力达138.5Oe,磁性能优于水热合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体.基于实验结果,探讨了乙二醇溶剂热过程中Fe3O4的形成机理,以及合成的Fe3O4纳米粉体具有良好单分散性的原因.
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