通过研究金属锌高温氧化产物的形貌特征,进一步了解四针状氧化锌晶须的形成机理.以金属锌锭为原料,浇铸成重10～50g的小锌块,装入氧化铝坩埚中,在马弗炉内从室温加热至1000～1250℃,将金属锌蒸发氧化,获得氧化锌产物.实验分析了金属锌块用量、保温温度对氧化锌形貌的影响.X-射线衍射测定显示,产物为六方纤锌矿结构的氧化锌.用扫描电子显微镜(SEN)比较分析了不同实验条件下产物的形貌,当保温温度1200℃,金属锌用量分别为20g、30g时,产物为较均匀的四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw).分析结果表明,T-ZnOw的生长由晶核的形成和针状体晶须的长大两个阶段组成,调控锌蒸气的产生和氧化过程,可获得形貌为T-ZnOw的氧化锌产物.
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