选用湿态纳米羟基磷灰石（HA）与脂肪族聚氨酯（PU）为原料,采用溶液共混法和溶剂挥发法制备了亲水性羟基磷灰石/聚氨酯（HA/PU）纳米复合材料,并采用SEM、吸水实验和力学实验等方法对该复合材料的形貌和性能进行了研究。结果表明磷灰石晶体以纳米状态均匀地分布在PU基质中,过高含量的纳米HA易使纳米粒子团聚,不利于其在PU基体中的均匀分散;在制备PU的多元醇原料中引入亲水性较强的聚乙二醇,可提高PU表面和整体的亲水性;随着硬段含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和弹性模量呈上升趋势,断裂伸长率下降;随着软段中聚乙二醇含量的升高,弹性模量大幅下降,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率先升高后下降;纳米HA的添加可同时提高复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,当纳米HA的质量分数为30%时,复合材料的综合力学性能达到最佳。
In this study,nano-hydroxyapatite（HA） slurry and aliphatic polyurethane（PU） were selected to fabricate hydroxyapatite/polyurethane（HA/PU） nano-composites by solvent casting and evaporation methods.The morphology and properties of the nano-composites were characterized by SEM,water absorption test and mechanical testing.The results show that HA crystals with nano size are distributed uniformly in the PU matrix,but the high loading levels of nano-HA are prone to agglomerate and make against homogeneous dispersion.The addition of hydrophilic poly（ethylene glycol） in raw materials enhances the surface and bulk hydrophilicities of PU;the tensile strength and modulus of the nano-composites increase with the augment of hard segment content,while the broken elongation decreases;increasing the content of poly（ethylene glycol） in soft segment,tensile strength and broken elongation first increase and then decrease,while the tensile modulus decreases all the time;the tensile strength and broken elongation of the nano-composites are all reinforced with the addition of HA nano-particles.When incorporated of 30wt% HA nano-particles into PU matrix,the comprehensive performance of the composite reaches optimality.
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