利用高岭石的高硅含量和层状结构特征,于600℃煅烧24h得到变高岭石,用25mass%的稀硫酸选择性浸取变高岭石2h制备微孔氧化硅.用化学分析、XRD、FTIR、TG、SEM和BET吸附等技术研究了制备过程和材料特性.化学分析表明,变高岭石经80℃稀硫酸选择性浸取2h后,产物中SiO2含量为92%,Al2O3仅余2%.浸取产物的比表面积为320m2/g,孔容达到0.25ml/g,平均孔径为1.8nm.红外光谱分析表明,酸处理产物中含有硅氧烷键,微孔存在于SiO4四面体层之间的层间区域.热重分析表明,样品的总失重为13.15%,显示其良好的吸附特性.高岭石的层状结构特征是形成微孔的有利条件,但酸处理时间过长会导致比表面积和孔容下降.
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