分析了自1980年以来中国钢铁企业吨钢能耗的下降趋势，应用吨钢能耗e-p分析法和c-g分析法，剖析了中国钢铁企业的能耗现状及其影响因素。结合热力学第一定律和第二定律，得出了同时使用“系统能效”和“能级差”方能从“数量”和“质量”两个方面实现科学用能的结论。在科学用能理论指导下，剖析了钢铁工业的节能潜力，指出科学地配置能源、科学地使用能源，科学地管理能源，深入挖掘“非平衡”状态下的节能潜力，将是下一个15年节能理论和技术的重要研究命题。
The downtrend of the energy consumption per ton of steel made by Chinese steel industry since 1980 was analyzed. To analyze the energy consumption situation and influencing factors of the domestic steel industry, e-p method and c-g method were adopted. According to first and second law of thermodynamics, then it was proposed that scientific energy utilization in both quantity and quality would be realized if system energy efficiency was co-used with energy grade difference as evaluating index. Under the principle of scientific energy utilization, the energy conservation potential was analyzed. Finally, it was drawn that the key issue of next 15 years’ theory and technology for energy conservation was scientifically allocating energy, scientifically using energy, scientifically managing energy and deeply exploiting the energy conservation potential at unbalanced states.
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