以一定配比的Al_2O_3粉和磷酸溶液组成的悬浮液作为水热处理前驱体,采用水热法对C/C复合材料基体进行了防氧化改性.采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散谱(EDS)仪分别对改性试样的物相组成、显微结构及化学元素组成进行表征.重点研究了水热反应时间、水热反应釜填充比等工艺因素对改性C/C复合材料的物相组成、微观形貌及抗氧化性能的影响.结果表明:水热改性方法是一种行之有效的提高C/C复合材料基体抗氧化性能的手段.经过水热改性处理,试样的抗氧化性能明显提高;延长水热反应时间和增大水热釜填充比都有利于基体抗氧化性能的提高;在水热釜填充比为70%、水热温度为200 ℃的条件下,改性处理72 h的C/C复合材料在700 ℃的静态空气中恒温氧化10 h后氧化失重仅为2.31%.
Suspension mixtures prepared by mixing Al_2O_3 powders and phosphoric acid solution were used as precursors for the hydrothermal treatment of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites. The influences of hydrothermal treatment time and filling ratio of autoclave on the phases, microstructures and oxidation resistances of the modified C/C composites were particularly investigated. The phase compositions and microstructures of the modified C/C composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Results show that hydrothermal treatment is an effective method to improve the oxidation resistance of C/C matrix. The oxidation resistance of the modified C/C composites improves with the increase of hydrothermal treatment time and filling ratio of autoclave. The mass loss of the C/C composites modified at 200 ℃ for 72 h, controlling the filling ratio of 70%, is only 2.31% after oxidized at 700 ℃ in air for 10 h.
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