The fine grained structures of nickelfree high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels had been obtained by means of cold rolling and subsequent annealing. The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties and gain size of nickelfree high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels was examined. High strength and good ductility of the steel were found. In the grain size range, the HallPetch dependency for yield stress, tensile strength, and hardness was valid for grain size ranges for the nickelfree high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel. In the present study, the ductility of cold rolled nickelfree high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel decreased with annealing time when the grain size was refined. The fracture surfaces of the tensile specimens in the grain size range were covered with dimples as usually seen in a ductile fracture mode.
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