聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)是一种极性较强的结晶高分子材料,其中极性的β和γ晶在压电和热电方面具有较广阔的应用前景.然而通用的加工方法只能得到非极性的α晶,为此,简要介绍了一种简便有效的形成极性PVDF晶的方法——填料诱导法.综述了各种不同填料及表面改性剂对PVDF中α、β和γ晶型的诱导规律和诱导机理,并简单分析了填料填充PVDF复合材料的物理和力学性能,指出研究高含量β晶的制备方法及其转变机理是今后PVDF改性的主要发展方向.
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