铁素体不锈钢与奥氏体不锈钢相比具有成本低、热膨胀系数低和耐应力腐蚀等优点，所以被广泛应用到汽车排气系统、家用电器和建筑等领域。研究了不同的Nb含量对铁素体不锈钢显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：Nb有细化晶粒的作用，随着Nb含量的增加，晶粒的平均尺寸减小；由于合金元素Nb和Ti的加入，形成了TiN、NbC 和 Fe2Nb析出相，其透射电镜观察结果与Thermalcalc计算结果一致；材料的抗拉强度和显微硬度随着Nb含量的增加而增加，这是由于Nb的固溶强化和析出强化共同作用的结果。
Compared with austenitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels possess the advantages of low cost, low coefficient of thermal expansion and stress corrosion resistance, they are the most common material used in automotive exhaust system, household appliances and construction. The effect of Nb content on microstructure and mechanical properties of ferritic stainless steel was investigated. Results indicated that the grain size of ferritic stainless steel decreased with the increasing of Nb content because Nb can refine grain size. The addition of alloying elements such as Ti and Nb to ferritic stainless steel causes the formation of TiN, NbC and Fe2Nb, as confirmed by calculated results of thermocalc. The tensile strength and microhardness of ferritic stainless steel increased with the increasing of Nb content because of solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening of Nb.
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