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用高频感应熔炼的方法制备了La2-xMgxNi7.0(x=0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8)贮氢电极合金,采用x-ray衍射和XRD粉末衍射全谱拟合分析方法及电化学方法系统研究了随Mg含量的增加,该类合金相结构和电化学性能的变化规律,以及合金在不同退火温度(1123K,1203K,1253K)和不同退火时间(24h,72h,144h)下相结构和微观组织及电化学性能的变化规律.实验结果表明,该类合金由(La,Mg)2Ni7相(Ce2Ni7型结构)、LaNi5(CaCu5型结构)相、(La,Mg)Ni3相(PuNi3型结构)及少量未知相组成.随Mg含量的增加,电极电化学放电容量呈先升高后降低趋势,当x=0.6时达到最大值389.87mAh/g;当Mg含量进一步增加时,电化学放电容量迅速降低,x=0.8时电化学放电容量为188.34mAh/g;随Mg含量的增加,合金组织中(La,Mg)Ni3相和LaNi5相增多.退火处理很大程度上消除了LaNi5相,高温退火有利于(La,Mg)2Ni7相的生成,低温退火有利于(La,Mg)Ni3相生成.退火时间的延长对合金相结构影响不明显,但提高了合金组织均匀性,同时使电化学放电容量降低.不同的退火温度和退火时间对未知相影响不明显.本文研究表明,退火温度对(La,Mg)2Ni7合金相结构有重要影响,Mg含量是影响合金相结构和电化学放电容量的关键.

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