研究了经超长时效处理后7075铝合金的力学性能、显微组织及摩擦学性能.结果表明:7075铝合金的硬度及强度具有双峰时效的特征,两个峰时效样品的硬度和拉伸强度相差不大,但伸长率有一定区别.与未经热处理的样品相比,时效处理后样品尽管摩擦系数较大,但摩擦系数随载荷的变化较小.随载荷增加,不同模式处理的铝合金均出现了从轻微磨损向严重磨损的转变,但经时效处理后样品磨损率明显小于未经热处理的样品,且第二峰样品的磨损率较小.时效处理后样品出现由轻微磨损向严重磨损转变的临界载荷显著提高,且第二峰样品临界载荷明显高于第一峰样品,表现出更优异的摩擦学性能;这可能归结于第二峰时效时合金组织中析出了数量更多、分布更均匀、颗粒更细小的强化相ηr(MgZn2)的缘故.不同模式处理的铝合金磨损机制相近:在轻微磨损时以磨粒磨损和氧化磨损为主,严重磨损时以粘着磨损和剥层磨损为主.
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