离子聚合物-金属复合材料(IPMC)是一类电活性材料,可作为柔性致动器和传感器,因在仿生学领域有广阔的应用前景而成为材料科学的研究热点之一.概述了IPMC的研究现状,包括IPMC的致动原理,基质膜材料的结构、制备及性质以及电极的制备方法及工艺.基于材料组成结构对IPMC基质膜进行了分类,详细讨论了膜材料的化学结构与其质子交换能力、溶胀性、吸水率、致动力、形变性等性能的关系,并分析了各类材料的特点及局限性；讨论了IPMC电极制备方法及工艺,分析了电极制备方法与其性能的关系；通过归纳总结IPMC组成结构对其性能的影响规律,探讨改进IPMC性能的方法,并展望了该类材料的发展前景.
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