以石墨为基体材料,采用电沉积和毛细化学沉积方法制备出电活性NiHCF薄膜.通过EDS和SEM考察了薄膜组成及其形貌,在1 mol/l KNO3溶液中采用电势循环可逆地置入与释放K离子,比较了不同制备方法得到的NiHCF薄膜的电活性、离子交换容量、再生性能和循环寿命;在1 mol/l(KNO3+CsNO3)混合溶液中测定了不同浓度下薄膜的伏安特性曲线,分析了薄膜对Cs+/K+的选择性.实验表明,石墨基体上制得的NiHCF膜能实现电化学控制的离子交换(ESIX)过程;两种方法制得的薄膜对Cs+均有较强的选择性,其中电沉积膜的再生速度高于化学沉积膜,而化学沉积膜的寿命高于电沉积膜.
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