以高分子多糖明胶为胶凝剂,采用凝胶注模工艺制备SiC泡沫陶瓷.测量了分散剂加入前后浆料的ζ电位的变化.研究了分散剂四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)、明胶加入量、固含量等对SiC浆料流变性能的影响.结果表明:分散剂的加入对SiC颗粒的动力学行为有显著影响.在碱性范围内,ζ电位绝对值随TMAH加入量的增加而增大;明胶的加入明显提高了浆料的粘度;固含量为65%~74%时,为使浆料具有好的稳定性和流动性,同时保证明胶的成胶性能,TMAH和明胶的加入量应分别控制在2.5%左右及5%~7%为宜.制备的泡沫陶瓷由相互贯通的球形孔室构成,孔隙率最高可达到92%,其孔径分布取决于泡沫体孔隙率,对于孔隙率为76%和90%的样品,其孔径分别达到120 μm 和200 μm.泡沫陶瓷的抗弯强度随相对密度增大而提高,相对密度达到25%时,其抗弯强度可达到25.2 MPa.
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