用化学共沉淀法和水热法制备了海胆型和纳米线型的MnO2.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对电极材料的物相和形貌进行表征.采用电化学阻抗、循环伏安和恒电流充放电对其进行电化学性能测试.结果表明,采用相同材料不同制备方法得到的MnO2具有不同的形貌.化学共沉淀法制备的海胆型MnO2,其直径约为300 ～ 500 nm;水热法制备的纳米线型MnO2,其直径约为10 ～ 30 nm,长度约为100 ～500 nm.两种形貌的MnO2在6 mol·L-1 KOH溶液中具有良好的电容特性,1 A·g-1的电流密度下,海胆型MnO2的比电容为539 F·g-1;纳米线型MnO2的比电容为375 F·g-1.经过1000圈的循环后,海胆型MnO2仅损失了15％的比容量.
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