采用电化学测试和慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)方法, 结合扫描电镜(SEM)评价321 不锈钢在淡化海水中的耐蚀性. 循环伏安实验表明, 随着温度的升高, 点蚀击破电位负移, 耐点蚀性能下降;321 不锈钢在淡化海水中的临界点蚀温度(CPT)为30.5 ℃. SSRT 实验结果表明, 321 不锈钢在淡化海水中具有一定的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)敏感性, 随着温度的升高, 应力腐蚀敏感性增大. 在35 ℃和50 ℃, 321 不锈钢在淡化海水中的断裂为韧性断裂;而在70 ℃, 断口微观形貌呈现韧窝+少量准解理形貌, SCC敏感性增强.
Electrochemical measurement, slow strain rate test and SEM observation of fracture surfaces were used to study the corrosion behavior of 321 stainless steel in desalinated seawater. The result of cyclic voltammetry indicates that the pitting potential goes negative with the temperature rising, and thereby the pitting corrosion resistance decreases. Critical pitting temperature (CPT) of 321 stainless steel is 30.5 ℃ in desalinated seawater. SSRT results show that 321 stainless steel is relatively sensitive in desalinated seawater. At 35 ℃ and 50 ℃, 321 stainless steel shows ductile fracture, however the fractured surfaces exhibit ductile plus quasi-cleavage fracture at 70 ℃, and the sensitivity of SCC is inceraesed.
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