采用异形坯轧制的H型钢表面存在腹板裂纹、腹板凹坑、翼缘烂钢和R角裂纹等缺陷，通过金相显微镜组织观察、SEM观察及能谱测定、异形坯开坯后温度场ANSYS数值模拟等手段对裂纹形成机制分析。认为H型钢腹板裂纹形成主要与异形坯R角附近纵裂有关，腹板麻面形成主要与皮下气泡和加热炉加热制度有关，翼缘烂钢主要与保护渣卷渣有关，R角裂纹主要与BD-Ur-E-Uf轧制过程温度场梯度大导致应力差异性大有关。针对成因提出了改进措施。
The web crack, web pits, rotten steel flange and the R corner cracks of H-shaped steel beam blank rolling surface were tested by optical microscope observation, SEM observation and energy spectrum; the crack formation mechanism was also analyzed by means of ANSYS simulation of temperature field after profiled billet cogging. It is considered that H beam web crack formation is mainly related to the longitudinal angle beam blank R; the web surface is mainly connected with subcutaneous bubbles and furnace heating system; and black steel flange is mainly concerned with mould power; R corner cracks are related to large differences in stress caused by BD-Ur-E-Uf large temperature gradient in the rolling process. Measures were proposed accordingly.
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