通过机械合金化制备了Al-15%Pb-4%Si-1%Sn-1.5%Cu(质量分数)纳米晶粉末.采用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对不同球磨时间的混合粉末的组织结构、晶粒大小、微观形貌以及颗粒中化学成分分布情况进行了研究.结果表明混合粉末经过球磨后形成了纳米晶,其组织非常均匀.球磨对Pb的作用效果明显大于对Al的作用效果,经过40 h球磨后Pb粒子达到40 nm,而Al在球磨60 h后晶粒为65 nm;经球磨后,Cu和Si固溶于Al的晶格中,而Sn则固溶于Pb晶格中,并且Al和Pb发生了互溶,形成了Pb(Al)超饱和固溶体;在球磨过程中硬度高的脆性粒子Si难于完全实现合金化.
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