目的：获取效果较好的碳纤维在油性基体中的分散处理方法。方法采用IW, SCAT, MLBH (脂肪醇醚磷酸酯盐)和TEDPS四种分散剂对碳纤维进行涂覆处理,之后于溶剂油D80中分散,以表面电荷量和浊度值对其分散性进行评价,并分析分散剂浓度、分散剂类型、碳纤维长度、分散体系碳纤维浓度对分散效果的影响。对最佳条件下分散前后的碳纤维进行表面形貌结构与化学组成的对比表征。结果采用四种分散剂对碳纤维表面进行涂覆处理,均能有效改善碳纤维在油性材料中的分散性,其中以油溶性离子型表面活性剂MLBH的处理效果最好。分散剂浓度存在一最佳值；碳纤维越长,越不利于分散；分散体系碳纤维浓度越低,越有利于分散。结论 MLBH最佳浸丝浓度为0.3%(质量分数)。考虑到工业应用需求,浸丝后的碳纤维以长度10 mm、质量浓度50 mg/L进行分散时,分散效果最好。
Objective To obtain a good method for carbon fiber dispersion in the oily substrate. Methods The carbon fibers were firstly processed by dispersants IW, SCAT, MLBH ( fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt) and TEDPS, and then dispersed in solvent D80. The surface charge and the turbidity value were used to evaluate the dispersibility, and to analyze the effect of disper-sant types or its concentration and the length or concentration of the carbon fiber on the dispersion. The surface morphological structure and chemical composition of carbon fiber before and after leaching silk were characterized comparatively. Results Coating the surface of carbon fibers by different types of dispersing agents could significantly improve the dispersion of carbon fiber in oil material, and fatty alcohol ether phosphate salt ( MLBH) was superior to the others. Dispersant concentration showed an optimal value:the longer the carbon fiber, the worse the dispersion;and the lower the concentration of carbon fiber, the better the disper-sion. Conclusion Dispersants spread evenly on the carbon fiber surface when the leaching silk concentration of MLBH was 0. 3%( mass fraction) , and the dispersion effect was the best. Considering the demand of industrial application, to have the maximum dispersion effect, the dispersion length and the mass fraction of carbon fibers should be 10 mm and 50 mg/L, respectively.
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