通过改进的Hummers法制备了高氧化程度的氧化石墨(GO),再利用微波膨胀制备了石墨纳米薄片(wGO),并采用X射线能谱分析(EDS)、热重分析(TGA)、元素分析、红外分析对GO和wGO进行测试.结果表明,wGO中O含量较GO中明显减少,说明微波膨胀能还原GO,使其表面含氧基团减少;进一步采用X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)对wGO的结构和形貌进行表征,表明微波法使GO层间距增大,剥离效果明显.利用溶液法原位聚合制备了wGO/聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)纳米复合材料,扫描电镜(SEM)观测显示,wGO在TPU基体中有良好的分散性;当wGO的质量分数为3％时,拉伸强度提高了116.1％;当其质量分数为2％时,导热性能和导电性能分别提高了72.4％和6个数量级.wGO/TPU纳米复合材料的微相分离程度更高,在室温下有更高的储存模量.
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