基于热作模具钢热疲劳试验国家标准,建立了H13钢热疲劳感应加热循环过程的多物理场耦合数值模型,研究了感应加热循环过程中试样温度的演变规律和应力累积现象,并对试样热疲劳寿命进行预测.研究表明,在感应加热循环过程中,试样心表的温度演变规律存在明显差异.由于集肤效应和试样形状的影响,加热结束时,最大温差出现在试样圆周面与小平面交界部位,约为210℃,最小温差出现在试样有效加热区域的中心,约为85℃;随感应加热循环次数增加,试样的等效应力和最大主应力均呈现累积效应,尤其是试样的拐角部位,经20次循环后其等效应力提高了6％,该处为热疲劳主裂纹的形成和扩展部位;结合数值模拟结果和应变疲劳寿命预测模型,对HI3钢热疲劳寿命进行预测发现,试样热疲劳寿命随感应加热循环次数的增加而减小;模拟结果与实验结果吻合,表明本文建立的数值模型可为热疲劳行为的研究提供新的方法和思路.
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