提出了一个极限固溶体合金的团簇模型, 在此基础上优化设计了添加Fe和Mn的Ni30Cu70 (原子分数,\%)固溶体合金成分. 在该模型中, 固溶的Fe和Mn以Ni为第一近邻形成12配位立方八面体原子团簇(Fe1-xMnx)Ni12而分散到Cu基体中, 因此极限固溶体合金成分为 [M1/13Ni12/13]30Cu70=[(Fe1-xMnx)Ni12]Cu30.3, M=(Fe1-xMnx). 采用X射线衍射和电化学腐蚀测试等方法, 研究了[(Fe1-xMnx)Ni12]Cu30.3合金的微观组织与耐腐蚀性能的关系. 实验结果表明, 对应于极限固溶体状态的[(Fe0.75Mn0.25)Ni12]Cu30.3合金, 在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有相对好的耐腐蚀性能.
Minor Fe and Mn additions are necessary to enhance the corrosion resistance of commercial Cu-Ni alloys. The present paper aims at optimizing the addition amounts of Fe and Mn in Cu70Ni30 (atomic fraction, %) alloy using a cluster-based solid solution model. In this model it assumed that one Fe(Mn) atom and twelve Ni atoms formed a cluster consisted of Fe(Mn)-centered and Ni-surrounded cube-octahedron and the limit solid solution would be composed of isolated Fe(Mn)Ni12 clusters embedded in the Cu matrix. The ratio of the Fe(Mn) atoms and its surrounding Ni atoms is 1∶12, and the limit solid solution composition of Fe(Mn)-modified Cu70Ni30 alloy is [M1/13Ni12/13]30Cu70=[(Fe1-xMnx)Ni12]Cu30.3, M=(Fe1-xMnx). The OM, XRD and electrochemical corrosion measurements were used to characterize the microstructure and corrosion resistance performance of [(Fe1-xMnx)Ni12]Cu30.3. The results indicated that the solid solubility limitative alloys [(Fe0.75Mn0.25)Ni12]Cu30.3 has the best corrosion resistance in 3.5%NaCl aqueous solution.
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