设计了低碳钢激光点焊工艺, 显示了小尺寸液态熔池均匀回缩的凝固过程, 以此作为平台, 进行了 焊接熔池表面温度与凝固速率测量方法的研究. 采用红外测温仪从熔池表面直接获取熔池凝固过程温度曲 线; 利用金属固相与液相表面发射率的差异从熔池凝固温度曲线中提取能准确反映液--固转变的特征信息, 以此推算了熔池表面的凝固速率; 并通过进一步的工艺实验, 验证了凝固速率与焊点背面直径之间的良好 对应关系. 该方法亦适用于其它热加工过程金属凝固速率的测量与分析.
A novel method for calculating the solidification rate of laser spot weld pool surface is presented. The surface temperature of weld pool during solidification process is measured by a point infrared sensor. Based on the difference in emissivity of the solid-liquid surface, the output data of infrared sensor, which can accurately reveal the liquid-solid transformation, is demonstrated. Therefore the solidification rate at different locations of the molten pool surface is obtained. Experiment result shows that the solidification rate is related to the weld geometry.
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