Nb基超高温合金的制备技术主要包括粉末冶金、真空电弧熔炼和定向凝固等,其中定向凝固可以显著提高该合金的高低温力学性能.Nb基超高温合金的定向凝固组织主要由沿着定向凝固方向生长的初生Nbss枝晶、铌硅化物块或板条以及(Nbss+铌硅化物)共晶等组成,定向凝固速率和固液界面前沿液相中的温度梯度会显著影响其组织形貌及尺寸.在其定向生长过程中,Nbss、铌硅化物及(Nbss+铌硅化物)共晶各相之间竞争生长,形成不同的组织形貌及尺寸,但在合适的条件下,共晶两相可以实现平行耦合生长.
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