研究了低频交变磁场下Cu-14Fe原位复合材料的凝固行为,讨论了磁场施加和磁场强度对铸锭组织、溶质分布和性能的影响.结果表明,Cu-14Fe复合材料常规凝固组织中Fe相主要呈枝晶和不规则长条状分布,施加交变磁场后,Fe相转化成梅花状或等轴状晶粒,分布更均匀.交变磁场的施加导致Cu基体中Fe溶质含量降低,磁场强度越大,浓度下降越明显.交变磁场的施加大幅降低了铸锭中的氧含量,提高了材料的电导率,降低了基体硬度.交变磁场对Cu-14Fe原位复合材料凝固过程的影响分别从动力学和热力学方面进行了分析,磁场一方面通过力场改变了熔体的热流和溶质分布,另一方面作为能量场作用于熔体影响了晶胚形核的势垒,从而影响了Cu-14Fe原位复合材料的凝固组织与性能.凝固过程中施加交变磁场有利于Cu-14Fe原位复合材料中Fe相的细化和析出.
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