采用最大气泡压力法测定298.15 K,常压及不同离子强度(0.57～12.81 mol/kg)条件下氯化钴水溶液体系的表面张力,建立表面张力与浓度关系的经验公式.应用Gibbs吸附等温式推导出表面张力与活度的关系式,提出一种计算溶液活度因子的新模型,并利用实验数据回归得出了新模型参数.与文献中的数据相比,新模型计算数据的标准偏差为0.0632,与Kim归纳出的Pitzer模型参数计算数据的标准偏差相近.结果表明:采用电解质溶液活度测定新方法和计算模型可得到的氯化钴水溶液活度因子的精度较高,这使得通过测定电解质溶液表面张力计算其活度因子(或活度)成为可能.
参考文献
| [1] | ZEMAITIS Jr J F,CLARK D M,RAFAL M,SCRIVNER N C.Handbook of aqueous electrolyte thermodynamics:Theory & application[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons,1986.,1986. |
| [2] | 李以圭,陆九芳.电解质溶液理论[M].北京:清华大学,2005.LI Yi-gui,LU Jiu-fang.Theory of electrolyte solutions[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2005.,2005. |
| [3] | 王卫东.电解质溶液活度系数的测定方法[J].湖北师范学院学报（自然科学版）,2005(01):104-106. |
| [4] | 裘端 .电解质水溶液相平衡的热力学研究[D].河北工业大学,2002. |
| [5] | 阎秉峰.离子选择性电极的工作原理[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2005(03):106-109. |
| [6] | SPEIGHT J G.Lange's handbook of chemistry[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,2005.,2005. |
| [7] | GE X,WANG X,ZHANG M,SEETHARAMAN S .Correlation and prediction of activity and osmotic coefficients of aqueous electrolytes at 298.15 K by the modified TCPC model[J].Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data,2007,52(2):538-547.,2007. |
| [8] | PITZER K S .Thermodynamics of electrolytes.Ⅰ.Theoretical basis and general equations[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry,1973,77(2):268-277.,1973. |
| [9] | BROMLEY L A .Thermodynamic properties of strong electrolytes in aqueous solutions[J].AIChE Journal,1973,19(2):313-320.,1973. |
| [10] | 彭小奇,宋国辉,宋彦坡,张建智,刘振国.NaOH-NaAl（OH）4-Na2CO3-H2O体系活度因子的计算模型[J].中国有色金属学报,2009(07):1332-1337. |
| [11] | CHEN C C,BRITT H I,BOSTION J F,EVANS L B .Local composition model for excess Gibbs energy of electrolyte systems.Part Ⅰ:Single solvent,single completely dissociated electrolyte systems[J].AIChE Journal,1982,28(4):588-596.,1982. |
| [12] | HOVARTH A L.Handbook of aqueous electrolyte solutions:physical properties,estimation,and correlation methods[J].New York:Ellis Horwood,1985.,1985. |
| [13] | GB/T 1270-1996.化学试剂六水合氯化钴(氯化钴)[S].GB/T 1270-1996.Chemical reagent cobalt chloride hexahydrate (cobalt chloride)[S].,1996. |
| [14] | BOSTROM M,KUNZ W,NINHAM B W .Hofmeister effects in surface tension of aqueous electrolyte solution[J].Langrnuir,2005,21(6):2619-2623.,2005. |
| [15] | 欧阳跃军.无机盐溶液表面张力的影响研究[J].中国科技信息,2009(22):42-43. |
| [16] | ROBINSON R A,BROWN J B .The constitution of cobalt chloride in aqueous solution[J].Transaction of the Royal Society of New Zealand,1948,49(77):1-9.,1948. |
| [17] | KIM H T,FREDERICK W J Jr .Evaluation of Pitzer ion interaction parameters of aqueous electrolytes at 25 ℃.1.Single salt parameters[J].Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data,1988,33(2):177-184.,1988. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%