设计、制备了三个系列(不同Bi2O3与Sb2O3掺杂浓度)的ZnO基复合材料. 力学性能测试的结果表明, Bi含量(2%, 原子分数)保持不变, 随Sb含量(在合适的剂量范围内)的增大,由于基质ZnO晶粒减小, 陶瓷致密度增大, 所得材料的模量、抗弯强度以及断裂韧性均增大; Sb含量(3%, 原子分数)保持不变, 随Bi含量的增大, 由于基质ZnO晶粒增大、陶瓷致密度减小, 所得材料的模量、抗弯强度以及断裂韧性均减小.在设计组成范围内材料的最佳力学性能约为: 弹性模量114 GPa, 弯曲模量115 GPa, 抗弯强度120 MPa, 断裂韧性1.87 MPa×1/2.
Three series of ZnO-based varistor materials with different doping levels of antimony and bismuth were prepared, and their mechanical properties were investigated, respectively. Under constant amount of bismuth of 2 at%, with increasing amount of antimony in an appropriate range, the decreasing grain size of ZnO, almost unchanged porosity, and increasing relative density resulted in increase in the modulus, bending strength and fracture toughness. Under constant amount of antimony of 3 at%, with increasing amount of bismuth, the grain size and porosity increased, thus the relative density would decrease although the apparent density might increase. The resultant modulus, bending strength and fracture toughness all decreased. The optimum ZnO-based varistor material in this work had mechanical properties of elastic modulus of 114 GPa, flexure modulus of 115 GPa, bending strength of more than 120 MPa, and fracture toughness of higher than 1.87 MPa.m-1/2.
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