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The directionally solidified samples of an ultra-high temperature Nb-Si-Ti-Hf-Cr-Al alloy have been prepared with the use of an electron beam floating zone melting (EBFZM)furnace, and their microstructural characteristics have been analyzed. All the primary dendrites of Nb solid solution (Nbss), eutectic colonies of Nbss plus (Nb, Ti)3Si/(Nb,Ti)5Si3 and chains of (Nb, Ti)3Si/(Nb, Ti)5Si3 plates align along the growth direction of the samples. With increasing of the withdrawing rate, the microstructure is refined, and the amounts of Nbss+(Nb, Ti)3Si/(Nb, Ti)5Si3 eutectic colonies and (Nb, Ti)3Si/(Nb, Ti)5Si3 plates increase. There appear nodes in the (Nb, Ti)3Si/(Nb,Ti)5Si3 plates.

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