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通过正交实验,对影响静电纺丝制备蛛丝蛋白复合纳米纤维的5个主要因素（溶剂体系、纺丝液浓度、电压、挤出速度和接收距离）在3个水平上进行优化筛选。以纤维直径和形貌为考察目标,结合极差分析、方差分析,获得最佳纺丝工艺条件：V（甲酸）/V（三氯甲烷）=6/4、纺丝液质量浓度为0.10g/mL、电压为14kV、挤出速度为0.8mL/h、接收距离为12cm。在5个因素中,接收距离和溶剂体系对纤维直径的影响最为显著。采用正交设计实验,简化了实验设计,且有根据地建立和设计出需要结果的实验条件,对利用静电纺丝技术来制备应用于血管组织工程的三维结构可控的蛛丝蛋白复合纳米纤维有着重要的意义。

Electrospinning initiates an explosion of the field of vascular tissue engineering with its pursuit of three-dimensional porous nano-fibrous scaffolds. The orthogonal design is employed to investigate the influence of five main parameters, including solvent system, solution concentration, voltage, extruding speed and spinning distance, on the diameters and morphologies of electrospun spider silk protein composite nanofiber fibers through optimizing screening tests at three levels. By means of range analysis and variance analysis, the opti- mum conditions are as follows, solvent system of formic acid/chloroform 6/4, spinning mass concentration of 0.10g/mL, voltage of 14kV, extruding rate of 0.8mL/h and spinning distance of 12cm. Among the five fac- tors, the spinning distance and solvent system are the most significant factor to the fiber diameter. Orthogonal design not only simplifies the experimental process but also build an accordance with the required experimental :onditions, highlights the electrospinning design to prepare controlled three-dimensional structure of spider silk protein composite nanofibers in the vascular tissue engineering.