为了进一步探讨Q235A钢电沉积镍层残余应力、力学性能与镀覆工艺参数的关系,以瓦特镀镍液为基础,采用直流电沉积法,在Q235A钢表面电镀镍.采用X射线衍射仪、纳米力学测试系统、表面轮廓测量仪测试了镍镀层的残余应力、显微硬度、弹性模量及表面粗糙度;探讨了电流密度、温度、pH值对镍镀层力学性能的影响规律,以正交试验法优选了最佳工艺.结果表明:电流密度3.0 A/dm2,温度45℃,pH值3.5时,镍镀层的性能最佳,晶粒粒径为34.8 nm,镀层显微硬度达到3.86 GPa,弹性模量达到238 GPa,表面粗糙度为0.182 μm.
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