为了减少钢铁冶金酸洗过程中酸液对不锈钢或碳钢的过腐蚀,得到高效的新型缓蚀剂材料,利用失重法、电化学法及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等研究了不同浓度离子液体[HMIM] BF4对HP13Cr不锈钢以及A3碳钢在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中的缓蚀特性和吸附行为.失重试验得出,试样在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中的腐蚀速率随离子液体添加浓度的增大而减小,即离子液体缓蚀效率随其浓度增加而增大;SEM结果显示,盐酸溶液中离子液体的添加对不锈钢HP13Cr以及碳钢A3均能起到显著的保护作用.电化学测试表明,该离子液体对这2种钢材的缓蚀作用均属于混合型抑制,但阳极抑制作用表现更强.离子液体对金属的防护作用与其在金属表面的吸附行为有关;[HMIM] BF4在2种钢材表面的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温线,兼具物理、化学吸附特性,热力学参量表明吸附过程为自发、吸热的熵增过程.相比于双咪唑季铵盐,[HMIM] BF4离子液体缓蚀剂保护性能更优异,而且对于A3碳钢更为有效.
Influences of different ionic liquid [HMIM] BF4 concentration on the corrosion inhibition behaviors and adsorption behaviors of HP13Cr stainless steel and A3 carbon steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution were studied by using weight loss experiments,electrochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Based on the weight loss experiments,it was found that the corrosion rate of samples in 1 mol/L HCl solution decreased as the ionic liquid concentration increased.In other words,the corrosion inhibition efficiency of ionic liquids increased with the increase of the concentration.The SEM results indicated the addition of ionic liquid in HCl solution could effectively protect the stainless steel HP13Cr and A3 carbon steel in HCl solution.The electrochemical tests showed that the ionic liquid had a mixed type inhibition effect on the steel corrosion,and anodic inhibition effect played a dominant role.Furthermore,the protective effect of ionic liquids was related to the adsorption behavior of ionic liquids on metal surface.The adsorption behaviors of [HMIM] BF4 on the steel surfaces followed the Langmuir isotherm,exhibiting both physical and chemical adsorption characteristics,and the thermodynamic parameters revealed that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothemic entropy-rise process.Besides,compared with double imidazole quaternary ammonium salt,ionic liquid [HMIM] BF4 possessed better inhibition protection,particularly for A3 steel.
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