将有限元热力耦合计算与材料相变特征的实验研究相结合,研究了高速度及大载荷条件下的轮/轨摩擦导致车轮热损伤的机理, 探讨了滑行速度、时间和载荷等因素对车轮踏面的温度场变化及对奥氏体相变区尺寸的影响. 结果表明, 在大载荷滑行情况下, 接触区的峰值温度可超过材料的相变临界点, 相变区深度可能达到1 mm以上；滑行速度的提高可以增大相变层出现的几率, 但并未增加相变层的深度；接触区峰值温度和相变区尺寸均随载荷的大小呈线性变化.
Based on the finite element analysis of wheel/rail friction and experimental data of the phase transformation in wheel steel, the mechanism of wheel thermal fatigue under high speed and heavy load conditions was simulated. The changes of temperature field under several operating conditions (loading, braking time, running speed) have been calculated, and its affection on phase transformation zone in wheel tread has been discussed. The peak temperature of contact zone may reach over austenitizing temperature under heavy load sliding. The depth of austenized zone may reach at 1mm under the wheel tread. The increase of sliding speed does not affect the depth of phase transformation zone, but increase the probability of phase transformation. Both the peak temperature and the size of phase transformation zone increased with increased loading.
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