经历相同的服役环境和时间, 黄铜HSn70-1A呈现不同的腐蚀现象: 一种试样宏观上无明显腐蚀, 而另一种试样则发生直径约1 mm的穿孔腐蚀. 分析表明, 腐蚀状况有如此差异的主要原因在于两者的显微组织不同. 无明显宏观腐蚀的试样晶粒相对粗大但均匀; 而发生穿孔的试样, 晶粒相对细小, 并有大小不一的情况. 这源于加工过程中变形不均匀, 最终形成相差悬殊的晶粒状态, 使得材料中不可避免地存留有残余应力. 因此, 腐蚀状况表明合金显微组织决定其局部腐蚀的敏感性.
It is observed that HSn70-1A brass tubes (70: 30) showed different corrosion behavior under the same service condition for the same time period due to its perculiar microstructure: for example, one showed no local corrosion and the other showed perforation of 1 mm in diameter serviced in fresh water for several months. It was found that the former had larger grians but rather uniform in size. The latter showed a microstructure with finer grains but containing certain larger grains. This kind of microstructure possesses very strong sensitivity for intergranual corrosion and stress corrosion when the alloy tube immersed in fresh water.
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