采用固态反应法合成超导体Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox(Bi2212),使用摩擦实验机从液氮温度至室温对其摩擦学特性进行研究.研究表明:室温Bi2212与不锈钢盘对摩时摩擦系数约为0.35,当温度降至超导转变温度以下(液氮温度),摩擦系数大幅度降低至0.11,非常稳定.为改善Bi2212常温摩擦性能,添加Ag制备出Ag/Bi2212超导复合材料,XRD、SEM和EDS分析表明,Ag未进入Bi2212晶格,保证了Bi2212的超导电性,Ag的添加提高了复合材料密度和韧性,在正常载荷和滑行速度下Ag质量分数为10%时摩擦系数为0.2,15%Ag/Bi2212磨损率最低,为9.5× 10-5mm3(N·m)-1.分布基体中的Ag能有效抑制裂纹萌生和扩展并在摩擦作用下向表面转移,在摩擦表面形成一层Ag转移膜,其低剪切强度起到很好的润滑作用,同时将摩擦产生的热量及时传导出去,使复合材料表现出良好的减摩耐磨性能.
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