采用扫描电镜、x射线衍射、电流-时间和电位-时间曲线等方法，对6061铝合金表面含Zn、Fe、P、O、Ce而不含铬的复合磷酸盐转化膜的表面形貌、相结构、成分及磷化过程动力学进行了初步的分析和研究。结果表明，添加了稀土的磷化膜表面的块状结晶更加致密，颗粒更小，外观呈浅灰色，其晶粒排列纵横交错；磷化膜的主要成分为磷酸锌和磷酸铁锌，添加了稀土的磷化液中所形成磷化膜的衍射强度明显降低，且其衍射峰也明显变宽。
The phosphating film＇s appearance, phase structrure, components and phosphating dynamics were studied by means of potential and current-time curves, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Xray diffraction（XRD）. The phosphating film was formed on 6061 aluminium alloy surface and contained Zn, Fe, P, O and chromium compound. The results showed that the block crystals in the surface film with the addition of rare earth were especially compact, and the grains were smaller. The appearance was light gray and the crystal particle arrangement was arranged in a criss-cross pattern. The main components of phosphorus film were tribasic zinc phosphate and ferric phosphate zinc. The diffraction intensity of the phosphating film with the addition of rare earth reduced obviously, and the diffraction Peak was also changed to wider obviously.
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