为提高316L奥氏体不锈钢的抗磨蚀性能,选用膏剂渗硼技术对316L奥氏体不锈钢表面进行硼-稀土共渗处理.采用电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和显微硬度计分析共渗层组织形貌、相组成及硬度,并利用超声波振荡空蚀仪和喷射式冲刷腐蚀试验机研究共渗层的抗空蚀、冲蚀性能.结果表明,316L不锈钢表面B-RE共渗层组织致密,齿形平坦,表层为一薄层单一FeB相,内层为Fe2B 、Cr7C3以及基体相γ-Fe,并出现Cr元素富集现象.共渗后显微硬度高达1654～ 2124 HV,由表及里呈逐渐下降趋势.磨蚀试验表明,共渗层的抗空蚀能力比基材提高1个数量级,抗冲蚀性能明显提高,冲蚀机理由基材的机械冲击转变为共渗层的流体冲刷作用.
In order to improve the wear resistance of 316L austenitic stainless steel,B-RE penetrating layer was synthesized by solid boronizating on its surface.Microstructure,constituent phases and microhardness of the penetrating layer were investigated by means of SEM,EDS,XRD and microhardness tester,respectively.Cavitation erosion and erosion corrosion resistance of the penetrating layer were also studied by means of ultrasonic vibrator and erosion corrosion tester.The results show that the penetrating layer is compact and flat.Outer layer of the penetrating layer exhibits a single FeB phases,while inner layer is mainly composed of Fe2B,Cr2B and γ-Fe matric phase and Cr element segregated in the transition zone.The microhardness of the penetrating layer is 1654-2124 HV and the microhardness gradually decreases from the top surface to the substrate.Cavitation erosion resistance of the penetrating layer is one order of magnitude higher than that of the substrate.The erosion corrosion resistance of penetrating layer is also significantly improved and the erosion corrosion mechanisms evolve from mechanical impact for the substrate to fluid erosion effect for the penetrating layer.
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