随着环境污染的加剧,人类环保意识逐渐增强,为了减少化工有机溶剂对环境造成的严重污染,人们正试图寻找一种新的无毒无污染的物质来代替有机溶剂。超临界CO2作为超临界流体的一种,它在环境化学中能出色地代替许多有害、有毒、易挥发、易燃的有机溶剂。主要介绍了在超临界二氧化碳介质中分散聚合体系组成及聚合机理,探讨了聚合体系中稳定剂的作用机理,详细介绍了低毒的有机硅类稳定剂及非氟硅类稳定剂的研究发展状况。最后对目前稳定剂的主要问题进行了评述,并对研究发展方向进行了展望。
With the increasing serious of environmental pollution and the increasing awareness of environmental protection,people are trying to find a new non-toxic and non-polluting material instead of organic solvents in order to reduce the serious environment pollution caused by chemical organic solvents.As a supercritical fluid,supercritical CO2 could excellently replace many harmful,toxic,volatile,flammable organic solvents in environmental chemistry.The composition and the mechanism of the dispersion polymerization system in supercritical carbon dioxide were introduced in this paper.And the action mechanism of the stabilizer in the dispersion polymerization was also discussed.The research situation of low toxicity organic silicon and non-fluoride ＆ non-silicon stabilizers,were introduced in detail.Finally,the main problems of the current stabilizer were reviewed and the tendency of development on the dispersion polymerization was forecasted.
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