以柠檬酸-硝酸盐溶液为前驱体,采用低温自燃烧法合成了具有K2NiF4结构的中温固体氧化物燃料电池La2NiO4阴极材料.研究了影响溶胶和凝胶的形成以及La2NiO4粉体晶相结构的影响因素,确定了最佳的合成条件.研究结果表明:自燃烧产物经1000 ℃煅烧2 h后,形成了平均粒径约为90 nm的单一La2NiO4相.经1300 ℃烧结的La2NiO4在100～800 ℃范围内平均热膨胀系数为13.9×10-6 K-1,在600～800 ℃范围内测得的总电导率为84.5～96.3 S·cm-1.
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