采用梯度升温法对聚丙烯腈（PAN）纤维进行预氧化,将各温区预氧化纤维在90%二甲基亚砜（DMSO）水溶液中进行超声蚀刻处理。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）等方法分析了超声蚀刻处理对各温区纤维化学结构、原纤结构以及性能的影响。结果表明：超声蚀刻处理对各温区预氧化纤维的化学结构没有影响;195～245℃预氧化纤维经超声蚀刻处理后,出现分离的原纤结构;超声蚀刻处理后,各温区纤维的线密度都不同程度的增加,其中,255℃预氧化纤维线密度增幅最大且为最高值;各温区纤维的抗拉强度较超声蚀刻处理前同温区的纤维都明显降低,255℃预氧化纤维降幅最大且抗拉强度为最低值。
PAN fibers were stabilized by gradient elevation of temperature, and the fibers stabilized at different temperatures were etched ultrasonically in 90% dimethyl sulfoxide aqueous solution. The effect of ultrasonic etching treatment on chemical constitution, fibrillar structure and properties of the fibers stabilized at different temperatures was studied by FTIR and SEM. The results show that ultrasonic etching treatment has no effect on the chemical constitution of the fibers stabilized at different temperatures. But after ultrasonic etching treatment, separated fibrils appear in the fibers stabilized at 195-245 ℃. Due to ultrasonic etching treatment, certain degree of increase occurres in the linear density of all fibers. And the linear density of the fibers stabilized at 255 ℃ reaches the peak value with the highest increase. The tensile strength of the fibers stabilized at different temperatures all decreases, and the tensile strength of the fibers stabilized at 255 ℃ drops to the minimum value.
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