利用仿真软件Fluent并结合用户自定义函数对处于典型气固污染状况下的城市居民小区微环境进行了数值模拟.其中对气相雷诺平均方程采用realizableκ-ε模型予以封闭求解,对离散相采用拉格朗日随机轨道模型进行计算,对气态污染物的输运和扩散采用标量对流扩散守恒方程进行描述.结果显示,典型道路污染物扩散与道路走向和风向密切相关.当风向和道路走向互相垂直时,污染物沿下风向的扩散最为明显,但其浓度也沿风向快速衰减;上风向建筑物能够有效减少临近道路污染物随风输运和扩散;而对于沙尘扬尘,其分布与流场结构紧密相关,同时也受到建筑布局的影响.合理规划小区建设,对于减轻典型气固污染对小区微环境的影响十分重要.
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