以纯铝为基体材料、钙为增黏剂、TiH_2为发泡剂制备了高孔隙率(>80%)不同孔径的泡沫铝;研究了对发泡剂进行表面氧化处理、增黏搅拌时间、发泡剂加入量和发泡时间对泡沫铝孔结构的影响,并对不同孔径的泡沫铝进行了压缩试验.结果表明:对发泡剂进行氧化处理可以减缓其释放氢的速度,经过相同时间发泡后可获得孔径更小的泡沫铝,但要获得相同孔隙率的泡沫铝,则经氧化处理发泡剂的加入量应比未经氧化处理的大;延长增黏搅拌时间有利于获得小孔径泡沫铝;其他条件相同时,泡沫铝的孔径和孔隙率随着发泡时间的延长而增大;孔隙率相近时,孔径小的泡沫铝,单向压缩应力应变屈服平台较高,吸能能力也较大.
Foam aluminum with high porosity (>80%) and small diameter pores was prepared with the calcium as tackifier, TiH_2 as foaming agent and aluminum as matrix. Effects of oxidizing of TiH_2, mixing time,addition of TiH_2 and foaming time on the pore structure had been studied. Compressive tests were performed. The results show that oxidizing treatmant led to decrease of the decomposition rate of TiH_2 and foam aluminum with smaller diameter pores was obtained with the same foaming time. More TiH_2 should be added in preparing foam aluminum with the same porosity compared with the untreated TiH_2. Extending the mixing time was prone to obtain small pore foam aluminum. Under the same condition, the diameter and porosity increased when the time increased. The foam aluminum with smaller pore size had higher uniaxial compression stress-strain yield platform and energy absorption as the porosities were similar.
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