纳米银的光学、电学和催化活性与粒子的粒径、形貌和结构之间存在着强烈的依赖关系,研究各向异性银纳米材料的形成具有重要意义.结合软模板技术在各向异性银纳米材料制备方面的研究成果,着重讨论了银纳米棒和纳米线的制备方法和形成机理,概述了树枝状纳米银、纳米银片(盘)、纳米银立方体和三棱柱的研究进展,指出利用软模板技术可合成各种形貌的纳米银粒子,并指出了此类材料在研究中存在的不足,展望了其发展趋势.
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